Literature and Informational – Students understand what they read or hear read aloud. They can make inferences, cite textual evidence, and determine central ideas, main topics, or themes. They can identify and use various text features and determine or clarify the meaning of unknown words in context.
Vocabulary Use and Functions – Students determine the meaning of unknown and multiple-meaning words and phrases by using context clues and analyzing word parts. They understand figurative language and word relationships. Students can use glossaries and beginning dictionaries to clarify word meanings.
Foundational Skills – Students understand the organization and basic features of print. They know and apply grade-level phonics and word analysis skills in decoding words. Students demonstrate understanding of spoken words, syllables, and sounds. They can isolate, manipulate, and blend individual sounds to form words.
Language and Writing – Students understand conventions of standard English capitalization, punctuation, and spelling. They know conventions of standard English grammar and usage. Students develop persuasive, informative, and narrative writing by planning, revising, editing, rewriting, and adding details.
Reading Definitions for Second through Eighth Grades
Word Meaning and Vocabulary Knowledge – Students can decode words and recognize and understand word relationships and structures. They can use context cues to decipher Word meaning.
Literature: Understand and Integrate Key Ideas and Details – Students can read and comprehend literature, make inferences and predictions, and draw conclusions. They can determine key ideas, analyze the development of themes and ideas, and summarize.
Literature: Understand and Interpret Craft and Structure – Students can analyze the structure of literary texts and evaluate the author’s craft and purpose. They can interpret figurative language and analyze literary devices.
Informational Texts: Understand and Integrate Key Ideas and Details – Students can read and comprehend literary texts, making inferences and predictions, drawing conclusions, and citing textual support. They can determine central ideas, analyze the development of arguments, and summarize.
Informational Texts: Understand and Interpret Craft and Structure – Students can analyze the structure of texts and evaluate a text for bias and for the quality of claims and evidence. Students can evaluate the author’s craft, determining author’s point of view and purpose.
Math Definitions for Kindergarten and First Grade
Operations and Algebraic Thinking – Students can represent and solve problems involving addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. They understand and can apply properties of operations, and understand the relationship between operations.
Number and Operations – Students can understand place value, the counting sequence, and counting strategies. They can compose and decompose numbers into hundreds, tens, and ones. Students can use place value understanding to compare numbers, perform multi-digit arithmetic, and develop understanding of fractions.
Measurement and Data – Students can solve problems involving measurement and estimation of lengths, time, liquid volumes, and masses of objects. They can use geometric measurement to understand area and perimeter. Students can organize, represent, and interpret data in various graphical representations.
Geometry – Students can reason with shapes and their attributes. They can identify and describe shapes having specified attributes. Students can partition shapes into equal shares to gain an understanding of fractional parts of a whole.
Math Definitions for Second through Fifth Grades
Operations and Algebraic Thinking – Students can represent and solve problems involving the four operations, understand and apply properties of operations, generate and analyze patterns, and write and interpret numerical expressions.
Numbers and Operations – Students understand the place value system by counting, representing, comparing, rounding, and performing operations with multidigit whole numbers, fractions, and decimals.
Measurement and Data – Students understand and solve measurement problems involving length, mass, liquid volume, time, money, area, perimeter, volume, and angle. They can generate, represent, and interpret data.
Geometry – Students understand and reason with geometric concepts by identifying, describing, creating, and classifying two- and three-dimensional figures. They can solve mathematical problems by graphing points on the coordinate plane.
Math Definitions for Sixth through Eighth Grades
Operations and Algebraic Thinking – Students can apply and extend previous understandings of arithmetic to algebraic expressions, equations, and inequalities. They can model relationships between quantities using functions and compare, interpret, and guild functions in different representations.
The Real and Complex Number Systems – Students can apply and extend previous understandings of operations to the real and complex number systems by solving problems involving ratio, rate, proportion, rational numbers, irrational numbers, complex numbers, and the coordinate plane.
Geometry – Students can solve problems involving area, circumference, surface area, volume, and angle measure. They understand congruence and similarity in terms of transformations and apply theorems involving properties of circles and right triangles.
Statistics and Probability – Students can summarize, represent, and interpret data, including measures of center and variability, and investigate patterns of association in bivariate data. They can understand and evaluate random processes and compute probabilities of events in a uniform probability mode.
